The Surrealism of Men’s Rights Discourses on Sexual Assault Allegations: A Feminist Reading of Kafka’s The Trial
Keywords:
feminism, interdisciplinary law, Kafka, literature, sexual assaultAbstract
Being a feminist in the contemporary Canadian context, post-Ghomeshi, can lead to existential crises. In this paper I investigate this relationship of feminist activism and reality, men’s rights activism (MRA) and surrealism, and the Absurd via the work of surrealist novelist Franz Kafka. While Kafka’s The Trial is popularly understood as an allegory for the alienation and pains of bureaucracy and modernity, I posit a new interpretation of the story as a men’s rights perspective of sexual assault allegations. I use Shoshana Felman’s theory of integrated literary and legal visions to read Kafka’s The Trial against men’s rights discourses regarding sexual assault allegations. I find this theory of evidence and repetitions across the disciplines of art (Kafka) and law (the Ghomeshi trial) useful as analytical sites for critically engaging with men’s rights discourses about sexual assault allegations. I demonstrate how The Trial can be interpreted as a representation of the phenomenon of sexual assault allegations according to men’s rights discourses, and demonstrate how these discourses are just as surreal as Kafka’s story. Through the Ghomeshi verdict I will demonstrate how these surrealist fantasies impact real-world sexual assault accusations, trials, and court decisions.
Résumé
Être féministe dans le contexte canadien contemporain, après l’affaire Ghomeshi, peut entraîner des crises existentielles. Dans cet article, j’étudie la relation entre l’activisme féministe et la réalité, l’activisme en faveur des droits masculins et le surréalisme, et l’absurde par le biais de l’œuvre du romancier surréaliste Franz Kafka. Bien que Le Procès de Kafka soit généralement interprété comme une allégorie de l’aliénation et des tourments de la bureaucratie et de la modernité, j’avance une nouvelle interprétation de ce récit comme étant une perspective axée sur les droits masculins concernant les allégations d’agression sexuelle. Je m’appuie sur la théorie des visions littéraires et juridiques intégrées de Shoshana Felman pour lire Le Procès de Kafka sous l’angle des discours sur les droits masculins à propos des allégations d’agression sexuelle. Je trouve cette théorie des preuves et des répétitions dans les disciplines de l’art (Kafka) et du droit (le procès Ghomeshi) utile comme base d’analyse pour engager un débat critique avec les discours sur les= droits masculins à propos des allégations d’agression sexuelle. Je montre comment Le Procès peut être interprété comme une représentation du phénomène des allégations d’agression sexuelle selon les discours sur les droits masculins, et je montre que ces discours sont tout aussi surréalistes que l’histoire de Kafka. À partir du verdict de Ghomeshi, je démontre l’impact que ces fantasmes surréalistes ont, dans la vie réelle, sur les accusations, les procès et les décisions judiciaires en matière d’agression sexuelle.
Metrics
References
Allan, J. A. 2015. “Phallic Affect, or Why Men’s Rights Activists Have Feelings.” Men and Masculinities, 19 (1): 22-41.
Bogaerts, J. 2014. “Sartre, Kafka and the Universality of the Literary Work.” Sartre Studies International, 20 (1): 69-85.
Cooke, M. 2014. “Truth in Narrative Fiction: Kafka, Adorno and Beyond.” Philosophy and Social Criticism, 40 (7): 629-643.
Coulling, R. and M. S. Johnston. 2017. “The Criminal Justice System on Trial: Shaming, Outrage, and Gendered Tensions in Public Responses to the Jian Ghomeshi Verdict. Crime Media Culture: 1-21.
Crew, B., D. Gilbert, and E. Sheehy. 2016. "The Ghomeshi Verdict: This is No Time for Complacency." Policy Options: 1-6. http://proxy.library.carleton.ca/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.proxy.library.carleton.ca/docview/1799182739?accountid=9894.
Decker, J. F. and P. G. Baroni. 2011. “The Failure of the Non-Consent Reform Movement in American Rape and Sexual Assault Law.” The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 101 (4): 1081-1170.
Ferguson, C. and J. Malouff. 2016. “Assessing Police Classifications of Sexual Assault Reports: A Meta-Analysis of False Reporting Rates." Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45 (5): 1185-1193.
Felman, S. 2002. “Forms of Juridical Blindness, or Evidence of What Cannot be Seen: Traumatic Narratives and Legal Repetitions in the O.J Simpson Case in Tolstoy’s The Kreutzer Sonata.” In The Juridical Unconscious: Trials and Traumas in the Twentieth Century. 54-105. Cambridge: Harvard University Press .
Goffman, E. 1974. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. New York: Colophon Books.
Goodhart, S. and B. K. Ward. 2004. “Giving Voice to Isaac: The Sacrificial Victim in Kafka’s The Trial.” Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 22 (2): 64-82.
Gotell, K. and E. Dutton. 2016. “Sexual Violence in the ‘Manosphere:” Antifeminist Men’s Rights Discourses on Rape.” International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5 (2): 65-80.
Kafka, F. 1968. The Trial. New York: Schocken Books.
Matak, V. B. March 27, 2014. “Student Assaulted: A Queen’s Student Involved in the Opposition to a Queen’s Men’s Issues Group was Assaulted Late Last Night.” The Queen’s Journal. http://www.queensjournal.ca/story/2014-03-27/news/student-assaulted/.
McDaniel, M. C. and D. N. Rodriguez. November 29, 2017. “Undergraduate Men’s Self-Reports of Sexual Assault and Perceptions of College Campus Acquaintance Rape.” Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1-19.
Messener, M. A. 1998. “The Limits of ‘The Male Sex Role:’ An Analysis of the Men’s Liberation and Men’s Rights Movement’s Discourse.” Gender and Society, 12 (3): 255-276.
Nasir, M. A. 2012. “Logic of the Absurd: Reading Kafka in a Kafkaesque World.” Administrative Theory & Praxis, 34 (1): 40-59.
Orwell, G. (1949). 1984. London: Penguin Books.
Pazzani, L. M. 2007. “The Factors Affecting Sexual Assaults Committed by Strangers and Acquaintances.” Violence Against Women, 13 (7): 717-749.
Potter, S. 2000. “Waiting at the Entrance to the Law: Modernism, Gender and Democracy.” Textual Practice, 14 (2): 253-263.
R. v. Ghomeshi, [2016] 155 Ontario Court of Justice, 24 March 2016. (Can.)
Steiner, G. 1968. “Introduction.” In The Trial, Franz Kafka, vii-xxi. New York: Schocken Books.
Sussman, C. 2010. “Time Wandering: Problems of Witnessing in the Romantic-Era Novel.” Novel: A Forum on Fiction, 43 (1): 140-147m.
Virgil, N. 2005. “The Contexts of Kafka: Dystopia, Phantasy, Multiculturalism." Neohelicon, 2: 357-371.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are aware that articles published in Atlantis are indexed and made available through various scholarly and professional search tools, including but not limited to Erudit.
3. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
4. Authors are permitted and encouraged to preprint their work, that is, post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process. This can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. Read more on preprints here.